Vessel.



IIIIIIIIIIIIVIIIIIV /2 i v Ep ITNESSMJ A. McDOUGALL.

VESSEL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I4, |914.

PatentedA 001.19, 1915.

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l' l) HHAII 0 wlw n 1w" .I I" IlI I INVENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

marian srarss EPATENTGEFIE L ALEXANDER MCDOUGALL, `or DULUTH, MINNESOTA.

vnssnn.

To'all whom it may concern lof" Bel it known that I, ALEXANDER Mio- DOUGALL, a citizen of the United States, re-

tain new and useful Improvements in Vessels, ofwhich the following is a specii'ication,^reference being had therein to the ac- Y companying drawing.

This invention. consists of certain 1mprovements in vessels and relates particuf larly to a self propelled one, as used for passenger and package freight service and sometimes known as express steamers.

For a comprehensive consideration of the objectsLv of my presentinvention the history of vessel construction mayv be briefly considered. v

When ships were made of wood, and sails used as a means of propulsion the ends of the vessel 'were made higher than the middle,'with the object of keeping the waves 01T, which resulted in sucha vessel suffering most in a head sea or in running before a storm. In these vessels the decks were protected by bulwarks to keep the seas'oi' and to protect the sailors when on duty, and the bottoms were usually much cut away or of'` rounded form.

tion and steam for motive power the form of the vessel remained much the same, even though they have `been built much larger 1 and longer. In the larger vessel the tend* 'iency has been to increase the heights of the ends, with the same object of keeping o the waves and, to provide the required longitudinal strength and to stand higher out of the water, they have been made much deeper,

the rounded portion of the bottom of the vessel. These, however, being necessarily so small, have'not proven particularly eflicient. Thel pitching of a large vessel vin rough weather may result in 'the bow or stern ris- Specication of Letters Patent. Application med retraary 14, 1914. s seriaiNo; 818,649.

As ironY came into use for ship construci Y Patented Oct.

ing and falling to the extent of fiftyfeet or 1 over,and the'rolling motion may be in lpron f portion, causedxchi'eiy' by the high freesiding at Duluth, in the county of St. Louis and State of Minnesota, have invented cerloaded, llow freeboard, which, contrary tof the formerl construction, invites the 'seas on board 'and thus 4partially overcomesV the objectionable 4pitching and rolling; and afterf careful studyof buoyant forms such as the.H waterloggedship with decks awash, andthe deeply loaded hopper bottomed mud scow in a Seaway with its decks awash, and seeing howl little water crosses its deck and it re-A maining apparently steady until its cargo is discharged, after which-it rises thigh' out of thewater and tosses about like all vessels withcomparatively high freeboard, this beingcausedV by the action of the waives against the high sides, and having little stability be` low the `disturbed water line, I have been im pressed vwith-the necessity of a radical 4def parture in ship construction. l'

A floating iceberg does not roll or pitch by the action of the' waves, as the disturbed surface of the water quickly spends its force in the splash and but very little-l boards the V f' aft resultsina tremendous "sucking drag to u its forward motion, and then plunging her bow deep into` the solidl sea with her stern and propeller vpractically out of water againl irnpedes her motion, besides severely strainngthe ship, all of which it isextremely desirable to favoid.

Careful studyof all of these facts haslled to my present invention of a fast andsteady passenger and'eXpress steamer, the objectlof which islto overcome as nearly as possible many of the objectionable'features above related and produce an unusually seaworthy vessel. j f

In the accompanying drawingsgFigure 1" is a side Velevationofnmy improved ship.

Fig. 2 isla top plan view yof the same. Fig--v rooms practically ami-dships.

Y 3 is acrosssection throughvone of theboilery i f' A11e:`

usual camber athwartship, and the lower after end 6 of regular ship form with fine lines for speed and easy leaving ofthe water.

A vertical central bulkhead 7 extends the entire length of the hull Vand from the bottom 3 to the deck 5 dividing the hull into practically two equal parts. A plurality of cross bulkheads 25 upon either side of the central bulkhead may be arranged as desired to divide the hull into longitudinal compartments and the required number of between decks 9 as necessity demands.

A deflecting or bulwark turret 10 is formed by an upward extension of the eX- treme bow for the purpose of breaking the force of seas as they may attempt to board the bow, and a somewhat similar turret 11 is built upon the stern and for Va similar purpose. Main intermediate turrets 12, preferably of circular form, are strongly built upon the deck 8 and, together with a suitable number of strong iron pipes 13,

support the superstructure 14 of the vessel .l

and are so arranged as to permit offree passage of any water crossing the deck, the turrets Vbeing equipped with suitable water tight doors and passage ways, arranged to be readily closed in the event of rough weather or they may be made to autoi matically close in case of accident.

I would suggest, for a very large ship, that the height of the turrets and pipes would be approximately ten feet to provide proper clearance. would valso provide a water tight casing 15 about all of the stacks, to doubly insure their safety.

The superstructure or cabin 14 is designed to be securely riveted to the turrets and pipes and forms an integral structure therewith and is of a construction similar to that of the hull and is practically a second or auxiliary hull mounted upon the maj or hull, having flat bottom, square' bilges and straight sides of steel construction, also similar to the major hull.

Steel decks 16 may divide the auxiliaryV hull vertically with cross bulkheads 17 arranged asV required, thus practically forming two navigable hulls, one superimposed upon the other and each having suicient reserve buoyancy to support thev other in the event of abnormal conditions arising to require such reservation. K y

The inner wall and bulwarks of the auxiliary hull may be of lighter steel construction than that of the outer walls and bottom, but of' suflicient strength to materially lstiifen Vthe side walls against any splash of lwaves that'might reach them. rlhe lighting facilities for this upper hull may consist of the regular water tight deadlights, or other suitable form of water tight windows.

Upon the upper hull or superstructure may be constructed the usual cabin 1S of any construction desired.

lhus l have formed a ship of substantially two lower hulls and one upper hull superimposed thereon by a row of turrets and pipes, the combined buoyancy of the turret, pipes and upper hull being sufficient to support the ship if more than half of the lower hull is full of water, and thus we have a ship moderately free from the dangers of fire or sinking after collision with icebergs or other vessels, or stranding, or, in other words, practically thev unsinkable ship. This constructionl admits of greater and more convenient boiler, engine and fuel Vcapacity than in ordinary ships and the symmetrical form throughout is evidently of much cheaper and stronger construction.

I have shown a working turret 19 intermediate the bow turret 10 and the rst superstructure supporting turret 12, which may carry a spar 20 and from which any cargo manipulating devicemay be operated, suoli as a boom or the like. The upper deck of this turret communicates with the superstructure let by means of the elevated passageway 21. Y

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is;

1. A vessel comprising a navigable hull substantially rectangular in midship cross section, a wedge shaped forward end with vertical sides throughout, a stern having its underquarters well out away and a superimposed rectangular shaped cabin carried by the hull and substantially the same width yvertical sides throughout, a cut-away ship vshape stern, a superstructure spaced above the hull, turrets supporting the superstruc- Y ture in such a manner as to expose the larger portion of the main deckof the hull to the wash of abnormal seas.

4. A vessel comprising a hull substantially .rectangular in cross section throughout, eX- cept in its lower after quarters which are SCD 1,157,022 ,t 5 y t 3 cut away in regular ship shape form, a cen- In testimony whereof Inix my signature tral bulkheady dividing the hull into two n presence of two Witnesses. equal parts longitudinally, fixed turrets ALEXANDER MCDOUGALL, mounted upon Vthe hull and supporting a Witnesses:

' 5 superstructure of a construction similar to- C. A. MCDQNALD, A

that of the hull and turrets. JOSEPH SELLWooD, J r.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for'ive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patenhs,

Washington, D. G. 

